What is laparoscopy?

Also called minimally invasive surgery (MIS), band aid surgery, or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique in which operations are performed far from their location using a laparoscope through small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) elsewhere in the body instead of one big incision.
Laparoscopic surgery includes operations within the abdominal or pelvic cavities.

What are the indications for laparoscopy?

Laparoscopy is done to:

  • Check for and possibly take out abnormal growths (such as tumors) in the belly or pelvis.
  • Check for and treat conditions such as endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), cysts, adhesions, fibroids, and infection.
  • Do a biopsy.
  • See whether cancer in another area of the body has spread to the belly.
  • Check for damage to internal organs, such as the spleen, after an injury or accident.
  • Do a tubal ligation. ("Having your tubes tied") to permanently prevent pregnancy.
  • Fix a hiatal hernia or an inguinal hernia. A protrusion of internal abdominal contents through the abdominal wall.
  • Take out organs, such as the uterus, spleen, gallbladder (laparoscopic cholecystectomy), ovaries, or appendix (appendectomy). Partial removal (resection) of the colon also can be done.
  • Find the cause of sudden or ongoing pelvic pain.

What is the advantage of laparoscopy over open surgery

Advantages to the patient with laparoscopic surgery versus an open procedure include:-

  • Reduced hemorrhaging/ bleeding, which reduces the chance of needing a blood transfusion.
  • Smaller incision, which reduces pain and shortens recovery time, as well as resulting in less post-operative scarring.
  • Less pain, leading to less pain medication needed.
  • Hospital stay is less, and often with a same day discharge which leads to a faster return to everyday living.
  • Reduced exposure of internal organs to possible external contaminants thereby reduced risk of acquiring infections.

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